内窥镜作为现代医疗与工业检测领域的重要工具，其精度与可靠性直接关系到诊断结果或检测数据的准确性。维修后是否需要重新校准，需结合设备特性、维修内容及使用场景综合判断。

　　As an important tool in modern medical and industrial testing fields, the accuracy and reliability of endoscopes are directly related to the accuracy of diagnostic results or testing data. Whether recalibration is required after maintenance needs to be comprehensively judged based on equipment characteristics, maintenance content, and usage scenarios.

　　内窥镜的核心部件包括光学镜头、图像传感器、照明系统及传动机构。光学镜头的曲率半径、折射率等参数决定成像清晰度，图像传感器的响应曲线影响色彩还原，而照明系统的光谱分布则关联组织辨识度。这些参数在出厂时均经过精密校准，确保各组件协同工作。维修过程中，若仅涉及外壳更换、密封圈更新等非核心部件操作，且未对光学系统或电子元件造成干扰，理论上可不重新校准。但实际操作中，拆卸过程可能引发镜头微位移、传感器连接松动等隐性偏差，这类微小变化难以通过目视检测，却足以导致成像畸变或测距误差。

　　The core components of an endoscope include an optical lens, an image sensor, an illumination system, and a transmission mechanism. The curvature radius, refractive index, and other parameters of optical lenses determine imaging clarity, the response curve of image sensors affects color reproduction, and the spectral distribution of illumination systems is associated with tissue identification. These parameters are precisely calibrated at the factory to ensure that all components work together. During the maintenance process, if it only involves non core component operations such as shell replacement and seal ring renewal, and does not cause interference to the optical system or electronic components, theoretically, recalibration is not necessary. However, in practical operation, the disassembly process may cause hidden deviations such as lens micro displacement and loose sensor connections. These small changes are difficult to visually detect, but can lead to imaging distortion or distance measurement errors.

　　当维修涉及核心部件时，校准成为必需环节。例如，更换物镜或目镜后，光学系统的焦距、视场角等参数可能改变，需通过专业设备调整镜头间距，确保成像平面与传感器重合。图像传感器维修后，其增益、白平衡等参数需重新标定，以匹配光学系统特性。在医疗领域，内窥镜的景深、视向角等参数直接关联手术操作精度，维修后必须通过模拟人体组织的校准模型验证性能。工业内窥镜用于检测精密零件时，其测距误差需控制在±0.1毫米以内，维修后的几何校准尤为关键。

　　When repairing core components, calibration becomes a necessary step. For example, after replacing the objective lens or eyepiece, the focal length, field of view angle, and other parameters of the optical system may change. It is necessary to adjust the lens spacing through professional equipment to ensure that the imaging plane coincides with the sensor. After repairing the image sensor, its gain, white balance and other parameters need to be recalibrated to match the optical system characteristics. In the medical field, the depth of field, viewing angle, and other parameters of endoscopes are directly related to the accuracy of surgical operations. After maintenance, the performance must be verified through a calibration model that simulates human tissue. When industrial endoscopes are used to detect precision parts, their distance measurement error needs to be controlled within ± 0.1 millimeters, and geometric calibration after maintenance is particularly critical.

　　校准流程通常包含三个阶段。首先是环境准备，需在恒温恒湿暗室中进行，避免外部干扰。其次是参数调整，利用标准分辨率板、色卡等工具，通过专用软件修正镜头畸变、色彩偏差。最后是性能验证，使用模拟病灶或标准缺陷样本，确认设备能准确识别临界尺寸特征。某些高端设备还需进行三维重建校准，确保空间测量精度。

　　The calibration process typically consists of three stages. Firstly, environmental preparation should be carried out in a constant temperature and humidity darkroom to avoid external interference. Next is parameter adjustment, using tools such as standard resolution boards and color cards to correct lens distortion and color deviation through specialized software. Finally, performance validation is conducted using simulated lesions or standard defect samples to confirm that the device can accurately identify critical size features. Some high-end devices also require 3D reconstruction calibration to ensure spatial measurement accuracy.

　　不重新校准可能带来多重风险。医疗内窥镜若存在未校正的色差，可能导致组织边界模糊，增加误诊概率。工业检测中，未校准的测距功能可能使裂纹深度评估偏差超过50%，引发质量误判。在极端情况下，光学系统失准可能导致照明光斑偏移，造成检测盲区，错过关键缺陷。

　　Not recalibrating may bring multiple risks. If there is uncorrected color difference in medical endoscopes, it may lead to blurred tissue boundaries and increase the probability of misdiagnosis. In industrial testing, the uncalibrated distance measurement function may cause a deviation of over 50% in crack depth assessment, leading to quality misjudgment. In extreme cases, misalignment of the optical system may cause the illumination spot to shift, resulting in blind spots in detection and missing critical defects.

　　实际案例中，某三甲医院因未对维修后的腹腔镜进行校准，导致术中出血点定位延迟，手术时间延长40分钟。某航空发动机检测机构因内窥镜维修后未校准测距功能，未能发现叶片0.3毫米级的微小裂纹，最终引发部件失效。这些案例均凸显校准的必要性。

　　In a practical case, a tertiary hospital delayed the localization of intraoperative bleeding points and prolonged the surgery time by 40 minutes due to the failure to calibrate the repaired laparoscope. A certain aircraft engine testing agency failed to calibrate the distance measurement function of the endoscope after maintenance, and was unable to detect tiny cracks on the blade at the 0.3mm level, ultimately leading to component failure. These cases highlight the necessity of calibration.

　　建议维修后采取分层校准策略。常规保养后，可仅进行基础功能测试；若涉及核心部件维修，必须执行完整校准流程。对于关键应用场景，建议建立校准周期档案，结合设备使用频次与维修记录，动态调整校准频次。同时，选择具备CNAS认证资质的校准机构，确保流程符合ISO 17025标准，保障校准结果的可追溯性与权威性。

　　Suggest adopting a layered calibration strategy after maintenance. After routine maintenance, only basic functional tests can be conducted; If core component maintenance is involved, a complete calibration process must be carried out. For key application scenarios, it is recommended to establish a calibration cycle file and dynamically adjust the calibration frequency based on equipment usage frequency and maintenance records. At the same time, choose a calibration institution with CNAS certification qualifications to ensure that the process complies with ISO 17025 standards and guarantees the traceability and authority of calibration results.

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