内窥镜凭借其能深入人体或设备内部进行观察的特性，在医疗诊断、工业检测等领域发挥着不可替代的作用。而光纤作为内窥镜中传输图像和光线的关键部件，其性能直接影响内窥镜的使用效果。当内窥镜出现故障时，维修过程中常常会涉及光纤修复问题。那么，究竟在什么情况下需要进行光纤修复？

　　Endoscopes play an irreplaceable role in medical diagnosis, industrial testing, and other fields due to their ability to observe deeply inside the human body or equipment. As a key component for transmitting images and light in endoscopes, the performance of optical fibers directly affects the effectiveness of endoscope use. When the endoscope malfunctions, fiber optic repair issues are often involved in the repair process. So, under what circumstances is fiber optic repair necessary 

　　一、内窥镜中的光纤：核心功能与结构特性

　　1、 Fiber optics in endoscopes: core functions and structural characteristics

　　在内窥镜系统中，光纤主要承担两大核心功能 —— 照明与图像传输 。照明光纤负责将外部光源发出的光线传导至观察部位，为内部视野提供充足照明，使医生或检测人员能够清晰地观察到细微结构；图像传输光纤则通过光的全反射原理，将内窥镜镜头捕捉到的图像以光信号的形式传输到外部显示设备上，实现可视化观察。

　　In endoscopic systems, optical fibers mainly perform two core functions - illumination and image transmission. The lighting fiber is responsible for transmitting the light emitted by external light sources to the observation site, providing sufficient illumination for the internal field of view, so that doctors or testing personnel can clearly observe subtle structures; The image transmission fiber uses the principle of total reflection of light to transmit the image captured by the endoscope lens in the form of an optical signal to an external display device, achieving visual observation. 

　　从结构上看，内窥镜的光纤束由大量极细的玻璃或塑料光纤丝组成，这些光纤丝紧密排列，每一根都独立传输光线或图像信息的一部分。由于光纤丝直径微小，且在使用过程中需要频繁弯曲、伸缩，这使得光纤容易受到损伤，进而影响内窥镜的正常工作。因此，在维修过程中，光纤修复成为保障内窥镜性能的重要环节。

　　Structurally, the fiber optic bundle of an endoscope is composed of a large number of extremely thin glass or plastic fibers, which are tightly arranged and each independently transmits a portion of light or image information. Due to the small diameter of fiber optic cables and the need for frequent bending and stretching during use, the fibers are prone to damage, which in turn affects the normal operation of endoscopes. Therefore, in the maintenance process, fiber optic repair becomes an important link to ensure the performance of endoscopes. 

　　二、需要光纤修复的常见情况

　　2、 Common situations requiring fiber optic repair

　　（一）物理性损伤

　　（1） Physical damage

　　在使用过程中，内窥镜可能会因受到外力碰撞、挤压或过度弯曲而导致光纤损坏。例如，在医疗手术中，内窥镜与其他器械的意外碰撞，或者在工业检测时，将内窥镜强行插入狭窄、复杂的空间，都可能使光纤束中的部分光纤丝断裂。一旦光纤断裂，光线或图像信号的传输就会中断，导致观察画面出现暗区、模糊甚至完全黑屏的现象 ，此时必须进行光纤修复才能恢复内窥镜的正常功能。

　　During use, the endoscope may be damaged due to external collision, compression, or excessive bending of the optical fiber. For example, in medical surgery, accidental collisions between endoscopes and other instruments, or forcibly inserting endoscopes into narrow and complex spaces during industrial testing, may cause some optical fibers in the fiber bundle to break. Once the fiber optic cable breaks, the transmission of light or image signals will be interrupted, resulting in dark areas, blurring, or even complete black screens in the observed image. At this time, fiber optic repair is necessary to restore the normal function of the endoscope. 

　　（二）老化与磨损

　　（2） Aging and Wear

　　随着使用时间的增加，光纤会逐渐老化，其光学性能下降。光纤的外层保护套也会因长期使用而磨损，导致内部光纤丝暴露在空气中，受到氧化、污染等影响，进而降低光信号的传输效率。此外，频繁的弯曲和伸缩会使光纤的机械性能变差，增加光纤断裂的风险。当内窥镜出现图像质量下降、亮度减弱等问题，且排除其他部件故障后，很可能是光纤老化或磨损所致，需要对光纤进行检查和修复。

　　As the usage time increases, the optical fiber will gradually age and its optical performance will decline. The outer protective cover of the optical fiber will also wear out due to long-term use, causing the internal fiber to be exposed to the air and affected by oxidation, pollution, etc., thereby reducing the transmission efficiency of optical signals. In addition, frequent bending and stretching can deteriorate the mechanical properties of optical fibers and increase the risk of fiber breakage. When the endoscope experiences issues such as decreased image quality and reduced brightness, and other component failures are ruled out, it is likely due to fiber aging or wear, requiring inspection and repair of the fiber. 

　　（三）污染与杂质侵入

　　（3） Pollution and impurity invasion

　　在医疗或工业环境中，内窥镜的光纤容易受到污染。比如在医疗手术中，血液、组织液等可能会附着在光纤表面，阻挡光线的传输；在工业检测时，粉尘、油污等杂质也会侵入光纤束内部，影响光信号的传导。如果污染较为严重，仅通过常规清洁无法解决问题，就需要对光纤进行专业修复，去除污染物，恢复光纤的透光性能。

　　In medical or industrial environments, the optical fibers of endoscopes are prone to contamination. For example, in medical surgery, blood, tissue fluids, etc. may adhere to the surface of optical fibers, blocking the transmission of light; During industrial testing, impurities such as dust and oil can also invade the interior of fiber bundles, affecting the transmission of optical signals. If the pollution is severe and cannot be solved by conventional cleaning alone, professional repair of the fiber optic cable is needed to remove pollutants and restore its transparency. 

　　（四）连接部位故障

　　（4） Connection failure

　　内窥镜的光纤与光源、图像传感器等部件通过连接器相连。这些连接部位在长期使用过程中，可能会出现松动、氧化或损坏等问题，导致光信号传输不稳定或中断。例如，连接器的接口处氧化会增加光信号的损耗，造成图像模糊；连接松动则可能使光纤接触不良，出现画面闪烁的现象。当此类问题发生时，除了检查和修复连接器外，还可能需要对光纤的连接端进行重新处理和修复，以确保光信号能够稳定传输。

　　The optical fibers of the endoscope are connected to components such as the light source and image sensor through connectors. These connection points may become loose, oxidized, or damaged during long-term use, leading to unstable or interrupted optical signal transmission. For example, oxidation at the interface of the connector will increase the loss of optical signals, causing image blurring; Loose connections may result in poor fiber optic contact and flickering of the image. When such problems occur, in addition to checking and repairing the connector, it may also be necessary to reprocess and repair the fiber optic connection end to ensure stable transmission of optical signals. 

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