腹腔镜设备精密度高、结构复杂，是集现代电子、光学和机械等多方面的综合性体系，因而日常对腹腔镜设备进行杰出的保养显得尤为重要。杰出的保养不仅是延伸腹腔镜运用寿命、降低修理成本的需求，也是降低术中毛病发作率的重要前提。
With high precision and complex structure, laparoscopic equipment is a comprehensive system integrating modern electronics, optics and machinery, so it is particularly important to carry out outstanding maintenance of laparoscopic equipment. Outstanding maintenance is not only the need to extend the service life of laparoscopy and reduce the cost of repair, but also the important premise to reduce the incidence of intraoperative problems.
1.腹腔镜手术设备的组成
1. Composition of laparoscopic operation equipment
腹腔镜手术是由数个设备联合完成的，只有明晰地认识到每个设备的功用与特点，才能及时的发现问题并问题。一套完好的腹腔镜手术设备一般由以下5个部分组成：
Laparoscopic surgery is completed by a number of equipment, only a clear understanding of the function and characteristics of each equipment, in order to find and solve problems in time. A complete set of laparoscopic surgery equipment is generally composed of the following five parts:
①显现摄像体系，包含显现器、腹腔镜镜头、镜管、信号转换器，其功用是用来收集并显现体腔内明晰、传神的图画；
① The display camera system includes a display device, a laparoscopic lens, a mirror tube, and a signal converter. Its function is to collect and display clear and vivid pictures in the body cavity;
②冷光源体系，其功用是为手术供给照明；
② The function of cold light source system is to provide illumination for operation;
③气腹机，其功用是为手术供给足够的空间；
③ The function of pneumoperitoneum machine is to provide enough space for operation;
④高频电刀，包含单极和双极，其功用是施行切除方针；
④ The utility model relates to a high frequency electric knife, which comprises a single pole and a double pole;
⑤负压招引体系，包含招引器管、招引管道、招引瓶，其功用是招引切除物和术中流出的组织液。
⑤ The negative pressure attracting system includes the attracting device tube, the attracting tube and the attracting bottle. Its function is to attract the excised object and the tissue fluid flowing out during the operation.
2.腹腔镜设备术中常见故障及其排除方案
2. Common troubles in laparoscopic equipment operation and Solutions
2.1显现摄像体系故障
2.1 display camera system fault
(1)黑屏现象：显现器、冷光源体系电源接头、摄像线接头的掉落，冷光源体系灯泡的接触不良和损坏等多种原因均会引起显现器黑屏现象。因而，术前应对设备进行细致的查看，并常备冷光源体系的替换灯泡。
(1) Black screen phenomenon: the phenomenon of black screen can be caused by many reasons, such as the falling of the power connector of the display, cold light source system and the camera wire connector, the poor contact and damage of the bulb of the cold light source system, etc. Therefore, the equipment should be checked carefully before operation, and the replacement bulb of cold light source system should be prepared.
(2)图画不明晰：摄像头焦距偏离或镜头上感染异物可形成图画不明晰，微调焦距或用碘伏棉签擦洗镜头可此类问题。
(2) Unclear picture: the camera focal length deviates or the lens is infected with foreign matters, which may cause unclear picture. Such problems can be solved by adjusting the focal length or scrubbing the lens with Iodophor cotton swab.
(3)图画明暗度失调：在手术中手术间的光线不行过亮，应关闭无影灯，将冷光源调自动位置，不然会引起图画过亮。而图画过暗可能由两种状况引起：①冷光源导光束与腹腔镜衔接处松动或冷光源衔接处稍有松动，只需将接头稍向前推进，光源即可康复正制”；②照明光纤部分断丝，只需更换悉数照明光纤即可。
(3) Picture light and shade imbalance: the light in the operating room should not be too bright during the operation. The shadowless lamp should be turned off, and the cold light source should be turned to the automatic position, otherwise the picture will be too bright. However, the picture is too dark, which may be caused by two conditions: ① the connection between the cold light guide beam and the laparoscope is loose or the connection between the cold light source is slightly loose, and the light source can be recovered by pushing forward the connector slightly; ② the lighting fiber is partially broken, which can be solved by replacing all the lighting fibers.
(4)图画颜色失衡：摄像头白色平衡的错误设置会导致图画颜色失真，因而在运用摄像体系前需求自动或手动设置白色平衡。
(4) Picture color imbalance: the wrong setting of camera white balance will cause picture color distortion, so it needs to set the white balance automatically or manually before using the camera system.
(5)雾视现象：经套管置入腹腔前需求进行预热，使其温度超越人体腹腔的温度以防止发作雾视，将腹腔镜置入40℃生理盐水中预热约5min即可。
(5) Foggy phenomenon: it needs to be preheated before inserting the cannula into the abdominal cavity to make its temperature exceed the temperature of the abdominal cavity of the human body to prevent the occurrence of foggy vision. Put the laparoscope into 40 ℃ normal saline to preheat for about 5 minutes.
2.2气腹机毛病
2.2 pneumoperitoneum machine fault
(1)气腹针阻塞：在术中气腹针可被脂肪颗粒、血块或其他组织碎片所阻塞，处理措施为运用5ml注射器抽吸生理盐水进行冲刷晓畅即可。有时气腹针刺入腹膜也会形成气腹针的阻塞，此刻需求将气腹针取出并从头刺进腹腔。
(1) Obstruction of pneumoperitoneum needle: during the operation, the pneumoperitoneum needle can be blocked by fat particles, blood clots or other tissue fragments. The treatment measures are to use 5ml syringe to pump saline for flushing. Sometimes pneumoperitoneum acupuncture into the peritoneum will also form the obstruction of pneumoperitoneum needle. At this moment, it is necessary to take out the pneumoperitoneum needle and insert it into the abdominal cavity from the beginning.
(2)气腹机压力过低：适度的CO2气体压力对坚持腹压和发明有利于手术操作的视界环境是非常必要的。但是，一旦发作漏气就会引起气腹机压力过低，继而难以坚持腹腔内的压力。多种因素可引起气腹机压力过低，常见的为输气管道接头松动和穿刺器密封帽损坏引起的漏气，错误的设置C02压力参数不容忽视。因而，在正确的CO22压力参数设置下将输气管道接头拧紧并及时更换损坏的穿刺器密封帽是完成气腹机压力坚持正常水平的基本前提。
(2) Pneumoperitoneum pressure is too low: moderate CO2 gas pressure is very necessary to adhere to the abdominal pressure and invent a vision environment conducive to the operation. However, once air leakage occurs, the pressure of pneumoperitoneum will be too low, and then it is difficult to maintain the pressure in the abdominal cavity. Many factors can cause the pressure of the pneumoperitoneum to be too low. The common causes are the gas leakage caused by the loose joint of the gas transmission pipeline and the damage of the sealing cap of the puncture device. The wrong setting of C02 pressure parameters can not be ignored. Therefore, under the correct pressure parameter setting of CO22, tightening the gas transmission pipeline joint and replacing the damaged sealing cap of the puncture device in time is the basic premise to maintain the normal pressure of the pneumoperitoneum machine.
2.3高频电刀故障
2.3 high frequency electric knife failure
(1)单极电刀故障：电刀、电凝导线与主机衔接较松会引起两者无任何输出，应及时查看两者接头并将其与主机结实衔接。当电刀主机负极板与主机的端口接触不良时，电切和电凝将停止工作，负极板的指示灯由绿色变成赤色并发出警报，此刻需将负极板线从头刺进主机端口。在术中患者过多的皮屑会形成电刀回路不畅，需求在术前将皮肤外表的皮屑铲除干净。皮毛较多也会引起相同效果，需坚持皮肤的平坦润滑。
(1) Single pole electric knife fault: loose connection of electric knife, electric condensing wire and main machine will cause no output of the two. Check the connectors of the two in time and connect them firmly with the main machine. When the negative plate of the electric knife host is in poor contact with the port of the host, the electric cutting and electrocoagulation will stop working. The indicator light of the negative plate changes from green to red and gives an alarm. At this moment, it is necessary to insert the negative plate wire into the port of the host from the beginning. In the operation, too much dandruff of patients will form a poor circuit of electric knife, so it is necessary to remove the dandruff on the surface of skin before operation. A lot of fur will cause the same effect. It is necessary to keep the skin smooth and smooth.
(2)双极凝电故障：双极凝电毛病一般是由双极线与主机接触不良而引起，需调整好两者的接触面或更换新的双极线即可。凝血时发生的血痂过多会引起双极凝电毛病，需及时铲除干净。
(2) Bipolar condensing fault: Bipolar condensing fault is generally caused by poor contact between bipolar wire and main engine. It is necessary to adjust the contact surface of the two or replace the new bipolar wire. Excessive scab during coagulation will cause bipolar coagulation fault, which needs to be removed in time.
2.4负压招引体系故障
2.4 failure of negative pressure system
(1)体系无负压或吸力较小：中心负压的关闭、招引管道的脱节以及招引瓶的密封性差可引起体系无负压或吸力较小，一旦发现需对其敏捷进行排查。
(1) The system has no negative pressure or low suction: the closure of the central negative pressure, the disconnection of the suction pipe and the poor sealing of the suction bottle can cause the system to have no negative pressure or low suction. Once found, it needs to be checked quickly.
(2)体系阻塞：术后要用高压气、水枪对招引体系进行反复冲刷，不然血块干燥结痂或其他异物会淤积于管腔内形成招引体系的阻塞。另外，招引体系长期不用时要定时运转一段时间，以保证机器的正常运转。
(2) System obstruction: after the operation, high-pressure air and water gun should be used to wash the system repeatedly, otherwise the blood clot will dry and scab or other foreign matters will deposit in the lumen to form the obstruction of the system. In addition, when the recruitment system is not used for a long time, it needs to be operated for a period of time to ensure the normal operation of the machine.
3.腹腔镜设备的日常保养
3. Routine maintenance of laparoscopic equipment
3.1腹腔镜设备的清洗与
3.1 cleaning and disinfection of laparoscopic equipment
(1)腹腔镜设备的清洗：术后应立即拆开腹腔镜设备的可拆开部分，并对其进行清洗。先用酶剂浸泡，再用活动水冲刷。对带管腔的器械，每次运用后应运用通条刷反复通刷，再用流水或高压水枪反复冲刷。对穿刺器械运用棉签清洗阀门内腔、弹簧、密封圈及穿刺锥的侧孔，吹干后及时将阀门还原，以防止阀门内的小部件丢失。清洗抓持器械及剪刀时应打开旋转轴轻轻冲洗。若轴节仍有固执碎屑则选用超声清洗器清洗。摄像头、腹腔镜视角用软布擦干晾干，切忌用粗糙的布巾擦洗避免划伤镜头，严禁运用超声波清洗机对内镜进行清洗。
(1) Cleaning of laparoscopic equipment: the detachable part of laparoscopic equipment should be removed immediately after operation and cleaned. First soak it with enzyme, then wash it with active water. For instruments with lumen, after each use, the brush shall be used repeatedly, and then the water or high-pressure water gun shall be used for repeated flushing. Use cotton swab to clean the inner cavity, spring, sealing ring and side hole of the puncture cone of the puncture device, and restore the valve in time after drying to prevent the small parts in the valve from losing. Open the rotating shaft and wash gently when cleaning the holding apparatus and scissors. If there are still stubborn debris on the coupling, use ultrasonic cleaner for cleaning. The camera and laparoscopic viewing angle shall be dried with soft cloth. It is forbidden to scrub with rough cloth to avoid scratching the lens. It is forbidden to use ultrasonic cleaning machine to clean the endoscope.
(2)腹腔镜设备的：针对不同的器械可别离选用高温高压法、低温法等进行。摄像头、电缆和电极不行运用液浸泡法或高温高压法，不然对器械会形成严峻的损害，只能选用气体熏蒸法或等离子低温法。
(2) Sterilization of laparoscopic equipment: according to different equipment, high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization method and low-temperature sterilization method can be selected separately. Camera, cable and electrode can not be sterilized by using disinfectant immersion method or high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization method, otherwise severe damage will be caused to the instrument, and only gas fumigation or plasma low-temperature sterilization method can be used.
3.2腹腔镜设备的保养
3.2 maintenance of laparoscopic equipment
(1)腹腔镜设备的放置：腹腔镜设备应置于腹腔镜器械台上，每次运用前后要对其外表进行清洁并罩上防尘罩。各部件要用专用的器械盒寄存，器械寄存应摆放有序。一切尖利的器械要防止碰撞，取放时应做到又轻又稳。尤其是光学体系对光极为灵敏，仪器设备的放置应选择阴暗的房间，防止强光直射。
(1) Placement of laparoscopic equipment: the laparoscopic equipment shall be placed on the laparoscopic instrument table. Before and after each use, the surface of the laparoscopic equipment shall be cleaned and covered with dust cover. Each component shall be stored in a special instrument box, and the instruments shall be placed in order. All sharp instruments shall be prevented from collision, and shall be light and stable when taken and placed. In particular, the optical system is very sensitive to light. The instrument and equipment should be placed in a dark room to prevent direct light.
(2)腹腔镜设备的定时查看：坚持每周对腹腔镜设备的功用进行1次查看，每月对一切器械进行除锈和润滑保养1次。
(2) Regular inspection of laparoscopic equipment: adhere to check the function of laparoscopic equipment once a week, and conduct rust removal and lubrication maintenance for all equipment once a month.
3.3腹腔镜设备的保养
3.3 maintenance of laparoscopic equipment
保管腹腔镜设备需做到：①腹腔镜设备的保管应完成专人专管，职责到人；②腹腔镜设备的维护人员熟练掌握各类腹腔镜手术器械，术前仔细核对器械配件是否完好，耗材预备是否完全；③手术结束后应仔细核对器械及配件。
It is necessary to keep the laparoscopic equipment: ① the storage of the laparoscopic equipment shall be in the charge of a special person, with responsibilities assigned to each person; ② the maintenance personnel of the laparoscopic equipment shall be familiar with all kinds of laparoscopic surgical instruments, and carefully check whether the instruments and accessories are in good condition before operation, and whether the consumables are completely prepared; ③ after the operation, the instruments and accessories shall be carefully checked.
以上就是关于腹腔镜的组成及应急维修和保养的详细介绍，由内窥镜设备维修整理提供，如果还有其它问题，欢迎点击官网咨询http://www.jiangrenyiliao.cn/！
The above is a detailed introduction to the composition of laparoscope and emergency repair and maintenance. It is provided by the repair and arrangement of endoscope equipment. If you have any other questions, please click the official website for consultation http://www.jiangrenyiliao.cn/ !
新闻资讯
联系我们
公司：匠仁医疗设备有限公司 
新闻资讯
